| عدد زوار مدونات الصدح |  |
| | المواضيع |
|---|
انتقل الى الصفحة :  1 ... 17 ... 30, 31, 32 ... 62 ... 93 |
 Bob Hale (in Hale 1995b) posed a dilemma for modal fictionalism (more specifically, Rosen's version of modal fictionalism, though other varieties face a similar dilemma). A modal fictionalist who maintains the version outlined in Rosen 1990 believes that the fiction of possible worlds (PW) is not literally true. A question arises about the modal status of the fiction: is it necessarily false, or contingently false? In... |
Modal fictionalism has traditionally been conceived as fictionalism about possible worlds, and implicitly also about their contents. One natural way to extend modal fictionalism so understood is to admit impossible worlds as well. Use of a fiction of impossible worlds is unlikely to seem too extravagant for many modal fictionalists, but it might also provide a mechanism for non-fictionalists about possible worlds to... |
Many fictionalists are far from explicit about exactly what the content of the fiction of possible worlds is to be. (Often they are also silent on the pressing issue of how one would justify one fiction rather than another: but more on this in section 4). Two explicit proposals were made in 1989 and 1990 about which fiction to use. Gideon Rosen's 1990 proposed using a slightly modified version of David Lewis's 1986 theory... |
Questions about necessity (or what has to be, or what cannot be otherwise) and possibility (or what can be, or what could be otherwise) are questions about modality. Fictionalism is an approach to theoretical matters in a given area which treats the claims in that area as being in some sense analogous to fictional claims: claims we do not literally accept at face value, but which we nevertheless think... |
In recent years, there has been a lively debate around a problem which has its origin, according to some of the authors which have raised it, in the fact that even though the localization process which corresponds to multiplying the wave function times a Gaussian and thus lead to wave functions strongly peaked around the position of the hitting, they allow nevertheless the final wavefuntion to be different from... |
As stressed in the opening sentences of this contribution, the most serious problem of standard quantum mechanics lies in its being extremely successful in telling us about what we observe, but being basically silent on what is |
Some authors (Albert and Vaidman 1989; Albert 1990, 1992) have raised an interesting objection concerning the emergence of definite perceptions within Collapse Theories. The objection is based on the fact that one can easily imagine situations leading to definite perceptions, that nevertheless do not involve the displacement of a large number of particles up to the stage of the perception itself. These cases would then constitute actual... |
A. Pais famously recalls in his biography of Einstein: - اقتباس :
- We often discussed his notions on objective reality. I recall that during one walk Einstein suddenly stopped, turned to me and asked whether I really believed that the moon exists only when I look at...
|
The Continuous Spontaneous Localization Model (CSL)[size=17]The model just presented (QMSL) has a serious drawback: it does not allow to deal with systems containing identical constituents because it does not respect the symmetry or antisymmetry requirements for such particles. A quite natural idea to overcome this difficulty would be that of relating the hitting process not to the individual... |
As already mentioned, the Collapse Theory we are going to describe amounts to accepting a modification of the standard evolution law of the theory such that microprocesses and macroprocesses are governed by a single dynamics. Such a dynamics must imply that the micro-macro interaction in a measurement process leads to WPR. Bearing this in mind, recall that the characteristic feature distinguishing quantum evolution... |
In this section we shall clarify why the formalism we have just presented gives rise to the measurement or macro-objectification problem. To this purpose we shall, first of all, discuss the standard oversimplified argument based on the so-called von Neumann ideal measurement scheme. Let us begin by recalling the basic points of the standard argument: |
Quantum mechanics, with its revolutionary implications, has posed innumerable problems to philosophers of science. In particular, it has suggested reconsidering basic concepts such as the existence of a world that is, at least to some extent, independent of the observer, the possibility of getting reliable and objective knowledge about it, and the possibility of taking (under appropriate circumstances) certain properties to be objectively possessed by physical systems.... |
[hide Two strands in moral, political, and legal philosophy are pertinent to the concept of race. One strand examines the broader conceptual and methodological questions regarding the moral status of race and how to theorize racial justice; the other strand normatively assesses specific policies or institutional forms that seek to redress racial inequality, such as affirmative action, racially descriptive representation,... |
Ron Mallon (2004, 2006, 2007) provides a nice sketch of the contemporary philosophical terrain regarding the status of the concept of race, dividing it into three valid competing schools of thought regarding the ontological status of race, along with the discarded biological conception.Racial naturalism |
The concept of race has historically signified the division of humanity into a small number of groups based upon five criteria: (1) Races reflect some type of biological foundation, be it Aristotelian essences or modern genes; (2) This biological foundation generates discrete racial groupings, such that all and only all members of one race share a set of biological characteristics that are not shared by members... |
Though not all view natural kinds as properties, for many philosophers they are important properties that carve nature at its joints (Campbell et al. 2011). Paradigms include the property of being a specific sort of elementary particle (e.g., the property of being a neutron), chemical elements (e.g., the property of being gold), and biological species (e.g., the property of being a jackal). Natural kinds... |
In ancient and medieval times propositions were not seen as a special kind of property and many contemporary philosophers who focus on physical ontology or philosophy of mathematics do not regard propositions as a kind of property (many of them doubt that there are any such things). But some,... |
The discovery of his paradox (and then the awareness of related puzzles) led Russell to introduce a theory of types which institutes a total ban on self-exemplification by a strict segregation of properties into levels that he called ‘types’ (cf. Copi 1971). Actually his account involves a distinction of types and orders and is thus more complex and restrictive than this. More details can be found in the entry... |
There is a large middle ground between extreme minimalism and extreme maximalism. For example, several philosophers primarily concerned with physical ontology have urged that a limited number of uninstantiated properties are needed to account for features of measurement (Mundy 1987), vectors (Bigelow and Pargetter 1990, 77), or natural laws (Tooley 1987). These approaches can, like minimalism, treat properties... |
The material covered in the three previous subsections offers us some insights on the nature of properties. One can notice a fundamental way in which the general conception of properties that emerges from naturalistic ontology differs from many of the conceptions discussed in relation to mathematics... |
In recent years properties have played a central role in philosophical accounts of scientific realism, measurement, causation, dispositions, and natural laws. This is a less unified set of concerns than those encountered in the previous two subsections, but it is still a clearly recognizable area, and we will call it naturalistic ontology. Let us see how properties enter the picture in this field. |
There are objective similarities or groupings in the world. Some things are alike in certain ways. They have the same color or shape or size; they are protons or lemons or central processing units. A puzzle, sometimes called the problem of the one over the many, asks for an account of this. Possession... |
One important motivation, possibly the main one, behind attempts at analysis such as the ones above is the worry to avoid the so-called Bradley’s regress regarding exemplification (Baxter 2001, 449; Munford, 2007, 185). One construal of the regress that has passed into the literature goes like this (although it is not clear to what extent Bradley himself had this version in mind; for references to analogous regresses... |
Philosophers do not have a settled idiom for talking about properties. Often they make do with a simple distinction between singular terms and predicates. Singular terms are words and phrases that can occupy subject positions in sentences and that purport to denote or refer... |
Properties (also called ‘attributes,’ ‘qualities,’ ‘features,’ ‘characteristics,’ ‘types’) are those entities that can be predicated of things or, in other words, attributed to them. Moreover, properties are entities that things are said to bear, possess or exemplify. For example, if we say that that thing over there is an apple and is red, we are presumably attributing the properties redand apple to... | |
| | عدد المتصفحين الحاليين للمنتدى: لا أحد
| | المشرفون: | جنون, فدوى | | صلاحيات هذا المنتدى: | لاتستطيع وضع مواضيع جديدة في هذا المنتدى
لاتستطيع الرد على المواضيع في هذا المنتدى
| |
| عدد المتصفحين الحاليين للمنتدى: لا أحد
| |
| |  مساهمات جديدة
![مساهمات جديدة [ موضوع شعبي ]](https://2img.net/i/fa/subsilver/folder_new_hot.gif) مساهمات جديدة [ موضوع شعبي ]
![مساهمات جديدة [ موضوع مقفل]](https://2img.net/i/fa/subsilver/folder_lock_new.gif) مساهمات جديدة [ موضوع مقفل] |  لا مساهمات جديدة
![لا مساهمات جديدة [موضوع شعبي ]](https://2img.net/i/fa/subsilver/folder_hot.gif) لا مساهمات جديدة [موضوع شعبي ]
![لا مساهمات جديدة [موضوع مقفل]](https://2img.net/i/fa/subsilver/folder_lock.gif) لا مساهمات جديدة [موضوع مقفل] |  اعلان
إعلان عام
 مثبت
|
|
| | المواضيع الأخيرة | » تتلبالثلاثاء أبريل 16, 2024 2:34 pm من طرف سميح القاسم» ابداع من عالم انتهىالسبت أبريل 06, 2024 4:53 am من طرف سميح القاسم» تولانيالجمعة ديسمبر 29, 2023 3:53 pm من طرف سميح القاسم» الزلزال تذكير بمكانة الانسان في الطبيعةالسبت سبتمبر 09, 2023 8:21 am من طرف سميح القاسم» زلزال المغرب ابان عن غياب الدولة المخزنيةالسبت سبتمبر 09, 2023 6:45 am من طرف سميح القاسم» زلزال المغرب ابان عن غياب الدولة المخزنيةالسبت سبتمبر 09, 2023 4:32 am من طرف سميح القاسم» القضاء المغربي فاسد وغير مستقل الخميس سبتمبر 07, 2023 9:05 am من طرف سميح القاسم» طبيعة دولة دينية مقنعةالنظام السياسي في المغرب. دولة دينية مقنعةالخميس سبتمبر 07, 2023 4:25 am من طرف سميح القاسم» النظام السياسي المغربي وافاقهالأربعاء سبتمبر 06, 2023 3:56 pm من طرف سميح القاسم» الغزو ا٪روسي لاوكرانيا نزعة توسعية ديكتاتوريةالأربعاء سبتمبر 06, 2023 11:25 am من طرف سميح القاسم» المغرب وضع سياسي متوتر واحتقان شعبي صامتالأربعاء سبتمبر 06, 2023 6:11 am من طرف سميح القاسم» ورشة نص سناريو لليلم قصير الكابوس لكاتبه لععليليس فالإثنين مارس 28, 2022 4:19 am من طرف سميح القاسم» لا تستنع الو الفاشلينالخميس يوليو 08, 2021 6:39 pm من طرف سميح القاسم» لا تستمع الى الفاشلينالجمعة يوليو 02, 2021 6:37 pm من طرف سميح القاسم» ع بنعبد العالي الحداثة ومسألة القطيعةالأحد يونيو 27, 2021 6:50 pm من طرف بن عبد الله» بقايا استعباد قديمةالأحد يونيو 27, 2021 6:49 pm من طرف بن عبد الله» شفرات الحياة الفن ومعنى الانسانيةالأحد يونيو 27, 2021 6:47 pm من طرف بن عبد الله» ريتا فرج: المنظومة البطريركية الدينية تدافع بقوة عن نفسها وتتبنى لغة متوترة تجاه النسويات المجدداتالجمعة يونيو 25, 2021 12:33 pm من طرف بن عبد الله» كيف يكونوايمان الاحرار الجمعة يونيو 25, 2021 12:31 pm من طرف بن عبد الله» فالتر بنيامين: الرأسماليّة بوصفها ديناًالجمعة يونيو 25, 2021 12:28 pm من طرف بن عبد الله» فريديريك غرو: فوكو وســــــؤال العنفالجمعة يونيو 25, 2021 12:26 pm من طرف بن عبد الله» الاسقاط النفسي والزمن 7 أيام مضت دراسات وأبحاث, علي محمد اليوسف, مفاهيم 0 علي محمد اليوسف علي محمد اليوسف لتكن البداية من منطلق التساؤل هل يمكننا اسقاط رغائب النفس على السيرورة الحركية للزمن في الزاميه التنفيذ الاستجابي تحقيق تلك الرغائب النفسية حتالجمعة يونيو 25, 2021 12:21 pm من طرف بن عبد الله» حفلة التيس: قراءة في فلسفة الطغيان وتهافت الدولة العسكريةالجمعة يونيو 25, 2021 12:18 pm من طرف بن عبد الله» برجسون وباشلار: ميتافيزيقا الزمن والنفسالجمعة يونيو 25, 2021 12:15 pm من طرف بن عبد الله» إجابة عن السؤال: ماهو التنوير؟الجمعة يونيو 25, 2021 12:05 pm من طرف بن عبد الله» سهام الدبابي الميساوي: أهمية ومنهج دراسة الحياة اليوميةالخميس يونيو 24, 2021 1:08 pm من طرف بن عبد الله» حوار مشترك مع الفيلسوف أرشيبيكي والفيلسوفة سيلا بنحبيب: تقييد الديمقراطياتالخميس يونيو 24, 2021 1:05 pm من طرف بن عبد الله» صوفية السحيري بن حتيرة: النص والجسد من منظور تاريخي أنثروبولوجيالخميس يونيو 24, 2021 1:01 pm من طرف بن عبد الله» من السابق لأوانه معرفة ما إذا كانت الروبوتات تطور المهارات الاجتماعية لدى الأطفال المصابين بالتوحدالخميس يونيو 24, 2021 12:50 pm من طرف بن عبد الله» لا تستنع الى الفاشلين القمة في انتظارك انت اقوى مما تظنالأربعاء يونيو 23, 2021 6:27 pm من طرف بن عبد الله |
|
الأحداث 
المنشورات